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1.

Sulym A. 
Determination of rational placement for energy storages in the power supply system of the underground [Електронний ресурс] / A. Sulym // Metallurgical and mining industry. - 2016. - № 10. - С. 24-30. - Режим доступу: http://nbuv.gov.ua/UJRN/metmi_2016_10_5
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2.

Sulym A. 
Analysis of technical solutions for the implementation of on-board energy storage on the electric stoc [Електронний ресурс] / A. Sulym, A. Lomonos, O. Bialobrzheskyi, O. Safronov, P. Khozia // Науковий вісник Національного гірничого університету. - 2020. - № 3. - С. 59-66. - Режим доступу: http://nbuv.gov.ua/UJRN/Nvngu_2020_3_11
Purpose. Analysis of existing technical solutions for management of energy exchange processes on traction electric stock with on-board energy storage devices and search for the rational one among them. Research on energy exchange processes and estimation of the amount of saved electricity during the application of various technical solutions. Methodology. The work provides a comparative analysis of existing technical solutions for control of energy exchange processes on traction electric stock with on-board energy storage devices. The advantages and disadvantages of each of the existing technical solutions are formulated. The nature of the flow of energy exchange processes is determined and the amount of electricity is estimated by directly connecting the on-board energy storage to the traction motors and through a static reversible converter of controlled type for the specified operating conditions of the electric stock and accepted assumptions. Findings. It is determined that a static reversible converter of controlled type with inductive or capacitive power dispensers is the most rational and energy efficient device for controlling the charge and discharge processes of an on-board energy storage unit on electric stock. Originality. The theory of the use of energy storage devices on electric stock, which, unlike the existing ones, allowed determining the amount of saved electricity for the cycle of "regenerative braking - acceleration of the train" depending on the type of connection of the on-board energy storage and its energy intensity. Practical value. It is found that the control of energy exchange processes in the energy storage system by applying a static converter of controlled type is more rational. It is determined that for control of energy exchange processes on traction electric stock with on-board energy storage devices, the most rational and energy efficient one is the use of current-reversed pulse-width converter with inductive or capacitive power metering unit. The obtained research results can be used by industrial enterprises in the design and creation of innovative electric stock in order to increase its operational characteristics.
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3.

Bialobrzheskyi O. 
Need of technical accounting at electric energy quality reduction under conditions of AC traction substation [Електронний ресурс] / O. Bialobrzheskyi, A. Gladyr, S. Yakimets, A. Sulym // Naukovyi visnyk Natsionalnoho Hirnychoho Universytetu. - 2021. - № 3. - С. 75-87. - Режим доступу: http://nbuv.gov.ua/UJRN/Nvngu_2021_3_14
Purpose. Justification of the need for electrical energy quality technical accounting based on the results of monitoring a 10 kV traction substation transformer mode. Methodology. Measurements of the current and voltage at secondary busbars of a 10 kV traction substation and monitoring of the electrical energy parameters in the observation interval were carried out. Using the Fourier analysis methods, a current and voltage harmonics level was analyzed. For the current and voltage fundamental harmonic, the positive, negative and zero sequences components are analyzed using the Fortescue transformation. Based on the secondary voltage side current discrete spectrum, the calculation of power loss growth in cable line and transformer windings was carried out. Findings. As a result of measuring the electrical mode parameters on the transformer secondary voltage busbars, a significant distortion of current and voltage, as well as significant fluctuations in active and reactive power, were established. During the observation interval, significant changes in the power factor are noted. Based on the calculation of additional losses from current higher harmonics in the cable line, it has been established that the current load of the line can be reduced by 10 % while eliminating the current higher harmonics. A similar calculation of loss growth carried out for the traction transformer showed that in the analyzed case its load should not exceed 87,8 % of the nominal one. Originality. A significant level of harmonic current distortion on secondary voltage busbars of the traction transformer leads to its underutilization, whereas the voltage distortion level, as an electrical energy quality indicator in accordance with current standards, remains within the permissible range. This requires a revision of electrical energy quality indicators, from the standpoint of power, which is due to both current and voltage. Practical value. The indicators obtained as a result of calculations can be used to correct the load of traction substation transformers. The introduction of the obtained indicators into the set of parameters for electrical energy technical metering is a prerequisite for the development of measures to improve the electrical energy quality.
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4.

Bialobrzheskyi О. 
The electrical power quality indicator – interference power factor [Електронний ресурс] / О. Bialobrzheskyi, I. Reva, S. Yakimets, A. Sulym // Naukovyi visnyk Natsionalnoho Hirnychoho Universytetu. - 2022. - № 4. - С. 71-77. - Режим доступу: http://nbuv.gov.ua/UJRN/Nvngu_2022_4_14
Purpose. Substantiation of the methodology for calculating an indicator characterizing the pulsating current power distortion. Methodology. When analyzing the power of direct and alternating sinusoidal currents, the features of the ratio of a root-mean-square norm to its mean value, known as the invariance power factor, are noted. In this case, the root-mean-square power value acts as a normalizing parameter. Using a combination of direct and sinusoidal (pulsating) current, the dependences of the invariance power factor on the ratio of direct and alternating components are obtained. Findings. Taking into account the interaction of the current and voltage components of different frequencies, the corresponding power component is highlighted, called "interference power". With its use, by analogy with the invariance power factor, the interference power factor is introduced. The interference power factor behavior for AC non-sinusoidal current circuit and DC pulsed current circuit of rectifier was investigated, as a result of which a difference was established in the interference power factor dependence in these circuits. Originality. The obtained dependences of the interfere power factor on the ratio of DC and AC components for current and voltage prove the versatility of its application for assessing power distortion in both DC and AC circuits, as proved by the example of a circuit with a single-phase controlled rectifier. Practical value. The results obtained can be used to assess the electrical power distortion level in electric complexes and systems of various kinds of current and kind of energy, including when it is taken into account. This is a prerequisite for the measures development to improve the electricity quality.
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